| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Premalignant |
Actinic elastosis |
|
3 |
1 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Premalignant |
Actinic keratosis |
|
2 |
3 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Infection |
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis |
|
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Immune-mediated |
Allegic reactions |
|
2 |
1-3 |
1 |
| Morphological changes in teeth |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Developmental |
Amelogenesis imperfecta |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Miscellaneous |
Anaemia |
|
1 |
2-3 |
1 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Immune-mediated |
Angioedema |
|
1 |
3 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Reddish & blueish |
Developmental |
Arteriovenous malformation |
|
1 |
0-1 |
1 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Immune-mediated |
Behçet's disease |
|
1 |
3 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Neoplasia |
Benign and malignant neoplasias of the supporting tissues |
|
2 |
3 |
1 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Neoplasia |
Benign salivary gland tumours |
Pleomorphic adenoma |
2 |
3 |
3 |
| Dysfunction |
Neurological |
Unknown |
Burning Mouth Disease |
|
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Infection |
Candida infection |
|
3 |
1-3 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Papillary |
Infection |
Candida-associated hyperplasia |
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Infection |
Chicken pox (varicella-zoster virus) |
|
3 |
2 |
2 |
| Morphological changes in teeth |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Developmental |
Dentinogenesis imperfecta |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Infection |
Dento-alveolar abscess |
|
3 |
1-3 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Reactive |
Disease related pigmentations |
|
1 |
3 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Reactive |
Drug induced pigmentation |
|
2 |
0 |
2 |
| Dysfunction |
Salivary hypofunction |
Reactive |
Drug-induced |
|
3 |
2 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Reactive |
Drug-induced lesions |
|
1 |
2 |
1 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Reactive |
Drug-induced osteonecrosis (bisphosphonate) |
|
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Reactive |
Drug-induced ulcerations |
|
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Immune-mediated |
Erythema multiforme |
|
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Premalignant |
Erythroplakia |
|
1 |
3 |
3 |
| Dysfunction |
Neurological |
Miscellaneous |
Facial pain |
|
2 |
1-2 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Fibro-epithelial hyperplasia |
|
3 |
1 |
2 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Developmental |
Fibro-osseous lesions |
Osseous dysplasias |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Developmental |
Fibro-osseous lesions |
Fibrous dysplasia |
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Neoplasia |
Fibro-osseous lesions |
Ossifying fibroma |
1 |
1 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Reactive |
Foreign body reaction |
|
1 |
1 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Reactive |
Foreign body reaction |
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Reactive |
Foreign body reaction |
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Reactive |
Frictional keratosis |
|
3 |
0 |
2 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Reactive |
Giant cell granuloma |
|
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Gingival hyperplasia |
Drug-induced |
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Gingival hyperplasia |
Heriditary |
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Gingival hyperplasia |
Calcifying/ossifying/ fibroblastic |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Gingival hyperplasia |
Giant cell granuloma |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Reddish & blueish |
Neoplasia |
Haemangioma |
|
2 |
0-1 |
1 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Infection |
Hairy leukoplakia |
|
1 |
3 |
3 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Infection |
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (coxsackie virus) |
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Infection |
Herpes simplex (herpes simplex 1 & 2) |
|
3 |
2 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Infection |
Herpes zoster (varicella-zoster virus) |
|
1 |
2 |
1 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Papillary |
Infection |
Human papilloma virus-induced hyperplasia |
|
3 |
1-3 |
2 |
| Morphological changes in teeth |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Developmental |
Hypercementosis |
|
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Reddish & blueish |
Neoplasia |
Kaposi's sarcoma |
|
1 |
3 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Premalignant |
Leukoplakia (homogenous, non-homogenous, verrucous) |
|
3 |
3 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Immune-mediated |
Lichen planus/lichenoid lesions |
|
3 |
2 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Immune-mediated |
Lingua geographica |
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Immune-mediated |
Lupus erythematosus |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Neoplasia |
Lymphangioma |
|
2 |
1 |
1 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Neoplasia |
Malignancy of the haematopoietic system |
|
1 |
3 |
1 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Neoplasia |
Malignant melanoma |
|
0 |
3 |
1 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Neoplasia |
Malignant salivary gland tumours |
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma |
2 |
3 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Reactive |
Melanoplakia (idiopathic) |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Neoplasia |
Metastases |
|
2 |
3 |
1 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Neoplasia |
Metastases |
|
1 |
3 |
1 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Infection |
Morbilli (paramyxo virus) |
|
1 |
1 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Reactive |
Morsicatio and linea alba |
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Mucous retention cyst |
|
3 |
1 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Developmental |
Nasolabial cyst |
|
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Necrotizing sialometaplasia |
|
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Reactive |
Necrotizing sialometaplasia |
|
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Neoplasia |
Nevi |
|
1 |
0-1 |
1 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Developmental |
Non-odontogenic cysts or pseudocysts |
Nasopalatine cyst |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Reactive |
Non-odontogenic cysts or pseudocysts |
Simple bone cyst |
1 |
1 |
2 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Developmental |
Odontogenic cysts |
Paradental cyst |
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Developmental |
Odontogenic cysts |
Lateral periodontal cyst |
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Developmental |
Odontogenic cysts |
Eruption cyst |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Developmental |
Odontogenic cysts |
Follicular cyst |
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Developmental |
Odontogenic cysts |
Glandular odontogenic cyst |
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Developmental |
Odontogenic cysts |
Gorlin's syndrome |
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Neoplasia |
Odontogenic cysts |
Keratocystic odontogenic tumour |
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Reactive |
Odontogenic cysts |
Radicular cyst |
3 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Neoplasia |
Odontogenic tumours |
Ameloblastoma |
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Neoplasia |
Odontogenic tumours |
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour |
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Neoplasia |
Odontogenic tumours |
Ameloblastic fibroma |
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Neoplasia |
Odontogenic tumours |
Myxoma |
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Neoplasia |
Odontogenic tumours |
Odontoma |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Immune-mediated |
Orofacial granulomatosis |
|
2 |
3 |
3 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Infection |
Osteomyelitis |
|
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Reactive |
Osteoradionecrosis |
|
1 |
2 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Immune-mediated |
Pemphigoid |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Vesciculo-bullous |
Immune-mediated |
Pemphigus vulgaris |
|
1 |
3 |
2 |
| Radiological changes |
Radiolucent |
Infection |
Periapical inflammation |
|
3 |
2 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Neoplasia |
Peripheral nerve tumours |
|
2 |
1 |
1 |
| Colour changes |
Reddish & blueish |
Reactive |
Petechiae, ecchymosis, haematoma |
|
3 |
0-3 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Physiological |
Physiologic pigmentation |
|
3 |
0 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Exophytic |
Reactive |
Pyogenic granuloma |
|
3 |
1 |
2 |
| Dysfunction |
Salivary hypofunction |
Reactive |
Radiation and chemotherapy-induced |
|
3 |
2 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Reactive |
Radiation and chemotherapy-induced changes |
|
3 |
3 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Immune-mediated |
Recurrent aphthous lesions (minor/major/herpetiform) |
|
3 |
2 |
3 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Infection |
Sexually transmittet infections |
|
0 |
3 |
1 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Infection |
Sialoadenitis (mumps) |
|
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Reactive |
Sialoadenosis |
|
1 |
1 |
3 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Reactive |
Sialolithiasis |
|
2 |
2 |
3 |
| Dysfunction |
Salivary hypofunction |
Immune-mediated |
Sjögren's syndrome |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Neoplasia |
Squamous cell carcinoma |
|
2 |
3 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Neoplasia |
Squamous cell carcinoma incl verrucous carcinoma |
|
2 |
3 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Reactive |
Tobacco-associated lesions |
|
3 |
0-3 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Brownish |
Reactive |
Tobacco-associated pigmentation |
|
2 |
0 |
3 |
| Morphological changes in teeth |
Radiopaque or mixed |
Wear |
Tooth wear i.e. attrition, abrasion and erosion |
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Reactive |
Toxic reactions |
|
2 |
1-3 |
1 |
| Loss of epithelial integrity |
Ulcerative |
Reactive |
Traumatic injury i.e. thermal, chemical, and mechanical |
|
3 |
1 |
2 |
| Swellings/hyperplasias |
Deep |
Reactive |
Traumatic neuroma |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
| Colour changes |
Whitish & reddish |
Developmental |
White sponge nevus |
|
1 |
0 |
2 |